Design in the art industry: some features of the education at the Central School of Technical Drawing of Baron A. Stieglitz
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1262-2025-7-2-182-190Keywords:
Art industry, weaving and printing class, textiles, artistic design, graduates of the central technical school of Baron Stieglitz, textile designAbstract
The article is devoted to the educational system in one of the oldest centers of artistic and industrial education in Russia. Based on archival documents, collections of class works of the Baron Stieglitz Central School of Technical Drawing and its Charter, the basic information on the organization of the educational process was determined. The main course consisted of general course and artistic (special) subjects. In addition to the main program, an elementary school of drawing, drafting and modeling for volunteers was opened.
The author attempted to examine in detail the features of teaching in the weaving and printing class opened in 1895. As a result, it was determined that the students' work in this class was projects of ornaments and designs for fabrics and textiles. At the same time, projects for the design of church textiles, curtains and even printed textiles were completed by students in the composition class. The students’ work in the 1900s bore features of the Art Nouveau style, and after 1914, the influence of the First World War, the fascination with the “neo-Russian style”, the legacy of Ancient Rus' and Byzantium can be clearly seen in them.
It was determined that the educational institution graduated draftsmen and ornamentalists for manufactories, as well as drawing teachers. The school provided an opportunity for women to receive an education and the right to professional activity. Since 1906, everyone who completed the full course was awarded the title of “applied art artist”. Those who did not complete the full course, but mastered all the required classes except for life drawing, were awarded the title of "scientist draftsman". Despite the fact that students attended almost all classes, none of the specialized classes were their main ones. The diploma assumed confident skills in designing various types of artistic products.
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